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Most commercially sold music CDs have about 60 minutes (12
compositions) of music on each disk. The sounds recorded on a
CD playback to near perfection with no surface noise and with
full dynamic range.
The disk does not deteriorate with use as
did the old vinyl type record. See Cross-links: SOUND--A CLOSER LOOK.
In the record industry CD masters are cut by laser onto a glass
blank from which metal stampers are made. These stampers are then
used to machine press the production copies. The pressing cost
of a CD is about 7 percent of its retail price. Packaging costs
are an additional 7 percent. See Cross-links: RECORD,
CONTRACT-RECORDING CONTRACT clause #33, COMPUTER under "Disk,"
and "Magnetic Disk."
A second common type of CD is the CD-ROM (Compact Disc-Read-Only
Memory). CD-ROMs are played via a CD-ROM drive with a computer.
These types of CDs are called "Multimedia" since they
are capable of reproducing sound, video, text, and graphics. See Cross-links:
MULTIMEDIA, RECORD.
A third type of CD is the CD-R (Compact Disc-Recordable). This
type of CD is used, via a CD-R drive, to record multimedia data.
A CD-R disk is constructed differently than a regular CD. In place
of the aluminum, as in a CD-DA and CD-ROM, the CD-R has a layer
of organic dye. This dye is the recording medium. A thin layer
of gold is used to protect the dye. Gold is used because it does
not corrode. The gold reflects the laser beam in the same way
as the aluminum layer does in the CD-DA and CD-ROM.
CD technology was originally developed by Philips and Sony who now license the technology. All licensees must comply with the "Color Book" specifications put forth by Philips and Sony. The Color Book specifies the standards for recording and reading computer data on CDs. The Red Book is used for CD-DAs and the Yellow Book is used for CD-ROMs.
See Cross-links: MULTIMEDIA, RECORD.
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